Table.
Baseline Demographics and Clinical Characteristicsa
| Medication Group
|
All Patients (n = 306) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NI+OP (n = 102) | PI+ON (n = 102) | PI+OP (n = 102) | ||
| Age, y | 28.0 (0.4) | 27.9 (0.4) | 28.7 (0.5) | 28.2 (0.2) |
| Sex, No. (%) | ||||
| Male | 74 (72.5) | 74 (72.5) | 74 (72.5) | 222 (72.5) |
| Female | 28 (27.5) | 28 (27.5) | 28 (27.5) | 84 (27.5) |
| Duration of heroin abuse, y | 7.8 (0.4) | 7.9 (0.4) | 8.3 (0.4) | 8.0 (0.2) |
| Average dose of heroin, mg/d | 1.1 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.1) | 1.0 (0.04) |
| Use of amphetamines, No. (%) | 12 (11.8) | 6 (5.9) | 18 (17.6) | 36 (11.8) |
| Use of cocaine, No. (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Use of marijuana, No. (%) | 35 (34.3) | 22 (21.6) | 25 (24.5) | 82 (26.8) |
| Use of sedatives or benzodiazepines, No. (%) | 15 (14.7) | 10 (9.8) | 9 (8.8) | 34 (11.1) |
| Use of alcohol, g/d | 10.2 (1.7) | 9.0 (1.7) | 9.6 (1.6) | 9.6 (1.0) |
| No. of previous treatments | 4.9 (0.4) | 4.3 (0.4) | 3.8 (0.3) | 4.3 (0.2) |
| Employment, No. (%) | 47 (46.1) | 42 (41.2) | 51 (50.0) | 140 (45.8) |
| Seropositive for HIV, No. (%) | 44 (43.1) | 53 (52.0) | 47 (46.1) | 144 (47.1) |
| Seropositive for hepatitis B virus, No. (%) | 18 (17.6) | 16 (15.7) | 13 (12.7) | 47 (15.4) |
| Seropositive for hepatitis C virus, No. (%) | 98 (96.1) | 98 (96.1) | 96 (94.1) | 292 (95.4) |
| RAB drug risk | 8.0 (0.47) | 8.1 (0.44) | 8.7 (0.49) | 8.2 (0.27) |
| GAF score | 64.7 (0.8) | 62.8 (0.7) | 62.5 (0.9) | 63.3 (0.5) |
| ASI subscales | ||||
| Medical problems | 0.13 (0.02) | 0.07 (0.01) | 0.09 (0.01) | 0.10 (0.01) |
| Work problems | 0.68 (0.03) | 0.72 (0.03) | 0.76 (0.03) | 0.73 (0.02) |
| Alcohol use problems | 0.11 (0.01) | 0.08 (0.01) | 0.10 (0.01) | 0.10 (0.01) |
| Drug use problems | 0.29 (0.01) | 0.29 (0.01) | 0.29 (0.01) | 0.29 (0.004) |
| Legal problems | 0.11 (0.02) | 0.07 (0.01) | 0.10 (0.02) | 0.09 (0.01) |
| Family problems | 0.34 (0.03) | 0.31 (0.02) | 0.30 (0.02) | 0.32 (0.01) |
| Psychiatric problems | 0.15 (0.02) | 0.19 (0.02) | 0.18 (0.02) | 0.17 (0.01) |
Abbreviations: ASI, Addiction Severity Index; GAF, Global Assessment of Functioning; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; NI+OP, 1000-mg naltrexone implant and oral placebo; PI+ON, placebo implant and 50-mg oral naltrexone hydrochloride; PI+OP, placebo implant and oral placebo; RAB, Risk Assessment Battery.
a
Unless otherwise indicated, data are expressed as mean (SE). Differences between groups were nonsignificant.