Table 2. Adjusted Odd Ratios of Tooth Loss for Demographic Characteristics and Risk Factors, Rhode Island Adults, 2008 and 2010a , b .
| Demographic Characteristic and Risk Factor | n1/n2 c | AOR (95% CI) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1–5 Missing Teeth vs 0 Missing Teeth | 6–31 Missing Teeth vs 0 Missing Teeth | Edentulousd vs 0 Missing Teeth | ||
| 18–44 y | ||||
| <$25,000 vs ≥$25,000 | 556/2,025 | 1.27 (1.07–1.50) | 1.63 (1.10–2.40) | 2.27 (1.20–4.30) |
| ≤High school degree vs >high school degree | 892/2,001 | 1.39 (1.20–1.61) | 1.41 (1.04–1.92) | 1.66 (0.91–3.03) |
| Former smokere vs never smoker | 542/1,789 | 1.03 (0.84–1.25) | 1.33 (0.86–2.03) | 0.39 (0.13–1.15) |
| Current smokere vs never smoker | 556/1,789 | 1.33 (1.07–1.65) | 1.99 (1.36–2.93) | 3.18 (1.10–9.17) |
| No leisure time activityf vs leisure time activity | 630/2,263 | 1.22 (1.06–1.41) | 1.19 (0.85–1.67) | 1.12 (0.58–2.14) |
| Diabetes vs no diabetes | 93/2,801 | 0.98 (0.75–1.28) | 1.35 (0.80–2.30) | 1.97 (0.51–7.66) |
| Obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) vs not obese (BMI <30 kg/m2) | 693/2,079 | 1.09 (0.93–1.26) | 1.33 (0.99–1.79) | 0.98 (0.44–2.19) |
| Disability vs no disability | 421/2,466 | 1.24 (1.02–1.52) | 1.62 (1.12–2.34) | 1.66 (0.94–2.91) |
| No dental insurance vs dental insurance | 660/2,065 | 1.18 (1.00–1.38) | 1.18 (0.83–1.67) | 0.79 (0.42–1.51) |
| 45–64 y | ||||
| <$25,000 vs ≥$25,000 | 841/3,405 | 1.20 (1.06–1.36) | 1.61 (1.35–1.91) | 1.52 (1.19–1.94) |
| ≤High school degree vs >high school degree | 1,551/3,187 | 1.27 (1.15–1.39) | 1.66 (1.44–1.90) | 2.52 (2.04–3.13) |
| Former smokere vs never smoker | 1,674/2,233 | 1.08 (0.95–1.22) | 0.95 (0.80–1.13) | 0.93 (0.71–1.23) |
| Current smokere vs never smoker | 818/2,233 | 1.35 (1.14–1.59) | 2.50 (2.01–3.10) | 3.51 (2.57–4.80) |
| No leisure time activityf vs leisure time activity | 1,248/3,494 | 1.09 (0.99–1.20) | 1.11 (0.96–1.28) | 1.28 (1.04–1.57) |
| Diabetes vs no diabetes | 483/4,257 | 1.19 (1.01–1.39) | 1.50 (1.21–1.85) | 1.53 (1.18–2.00) |
| Obese (BMI ≥30 kd/m2) vs not obese (BMI <30) | 1,278/3,284 | 1.14 (1.04–1.26) | 1.22 (1.06–1.40) | 1.42 (1.14–1.79) |
| Disability vs no disability | 1,319/3,402 | 1.20 (1.09–1.32) | 1.48 (1.27–1.71) | 1.55 (1.26–1.89) |
| No dental insurance vs dental insurance | 1,217/3,341 | 1.02 (0.93–1.13) | 1.14 (0.98–1.33) | 1.54 (1.25–1.90) |
| ≥65 y | ||||
| <$25,000 vs ≥$25,000 | 1,208/1,679 | 0.98 (0.86–1.12) | 1.12 (0.97–1.28) | 1.40 (1.20–1.63) |
| ≤High school degree vs >high school degree | 1,850/1,762 | 1.08 (0.96–1.21) | 1.40 (1.23–1.59) | 1.70 (1.46–1.98) |
| Former smokere vs never smoker | 1,704/1,604 | 1.20 (1.00–1.44) | 1.47 (1.22–1.78) | 1.26 (1.02–1.54) |
| Current smokere vs never smoker | 302/1,604 | 0.87 (0.65–1.17) | 1.18 (0.88–1.58) | 2.20 (1.60–3.02) |
| No leisure time activityf vs leisure time activity | 1,309/2,311 | 0.95 (0.84–1.07) | 0.97 (0.85–1.10) | 1.09 (0.95–1.26) |
| Diabetes vs no diabetes | 620/3,002 | 0.95 (0.81–1.11) | 1.19 (1.02–1.39) | 1.27 (1.06–1.52) |
| Obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) vs not obese (BMI <30 kg/m2) | 773/2,737 | 1.04 (0.90–1.20) | 1.30 (1.12–1.51) | 1.20 (1.01–1.43) |
| Disability vs no disability | 1,307/2,299 | 1.17 (1.04–1.32) | 1.24 (1.09–1.40) | 1.28 (1.11–1.47) |
| No dental insurance vs dental insurance | 2,081/1,364 | 1.04 (0.94–1.16) | 1.12 (0.99–1.27) | 1.58 (1.36–1.84) |
Abbreviations: AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index.
All estimates were calculated by using the data after multiple imputation.
Analyses were adjusted for age (continuous) and all other variables in the table, even though the analysis was age-stratified.
n1 denotes the unweighted sample n in the risk group, and n2 denotes the unweighted sample n in the low-risk group (referent).
Because of the small sample size of edentulism among adults aged 18 to 44 years, the 95% CIs of the AORs are wide and indicate potentially unstable estimates.
Current smoker, defined as smoked at least 100 cigarettes in lifetime and now smoke every day or some days; former smoker, defined as smoked at least 100 cigarettes in lifetime but no longer smoke.
Participated in physical activity or exercise other than regular job such as running, calisthenics, golf, gardening, or walking during the past 30 days.