Table 2.
Antigen-Capture Enzyme Immunoassays for some Pharmaceutical Compounds
| Compound | Sample | Enzyme | Substrate | Detection | Sensitivity | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Digoxin | Serum | β-GAL | DMAG | Photometric | 0.2 ng/ml | (98) |
| Methamphetamine | Blood, Urine | HRP | TMB | Photometric | 2 ng/ml | (99) |
| Benzodiazepine, morphine | Blood, urine | HRP | TMB | Photometric | 5, 1 ng/ml | (99) |
| Phencyclidine, cannabinoids | Blood, urine | HRP | TMB | Photometric | 25, 1 ng/ml | (99) |
| Metanephrine, normetanephrine | Urine | ALP | PNPP | Photometric | 0.3 μmol | (100) |
| Zonisamide | Serum | β-GAL | NPGP | Photometric | μg/ml | (101) |
| Clenbuterol | Hair | ALP | PNPP | Photometric | 12 pg/well | (102) |
| Dihydrostreptomycin | Milk | HRP | TMB | Photometric | 0.01 μg/ml | (103) |
| Neomycin | Milk | HRP | TMB | Photometric | 0.01 μg/ml | (103) |
| 25-Hydroxy vitamin D3 | Serum | HRP | TMB | Photometric | 4.4 ng/ml | (104) |
| Medroxyprogesterone | Serum | ALP | ADP | Chemiluminescence | 0.83 pg/well | (105) |
| 17-β-Estradiol | Serum | HRP | TMB | Electrochemical | 20 pg/ml | (106) |
| Oxytocin | Serum | ACE | ACI/DTNBA | Photometric | 1.5 pg/ml | (107) |
| Osteocalcin | Serum | HRP | TMB | Photometric | 4.45 ng/ml | (108) |
β-GAL, β-D-galactosidase; HRP, horseradish peroxidase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ACE, acetylcholinesterase; DMAG, dimethylacridinone galactoside; TMB,3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine; PNPP, p-nitrophenyl phosphate; NPGP, nitrophenylgalacto-pyranoside; ADP, adamantyl-1,2-dioxetane; ACI/DTNBA, acetylcholine iodide/5,5’-ditthiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid).