Table 4.
Non-Competitive Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Enzyme Immunoassay Methods for some Compounds of Pharmaceutical Interest
| Compound | Sample | Enzyme | Substrate> | Detection | Sensitivity | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Competitive Assays | ||||||
| Tobramycin | Standard solution | ALP | PNPP | Photometric | 0.05 μg/ml | (119) |
| Epinephrine, norepinephrine | Plasma | ALP | NADPH | Photometric | 10; 20 pg/ml | (120) |
| Parathyroid hormone | Plasma | β-GAL | MUG | Fluorimetric | 1 pg/ml | (121) |
| Thyroid stimulating hormone | Serum | HRP | TMB | Photometric | 0.1 μIU | (122) |
| Insulin | Serum | ALP | SAV | Chemiluminescence | 5 pmole | (123) |
| Low density lipoprotein | Blood | HRP | TMB | Photometric | 1 U/ml | (124) |
| Homogenous Assays | ||||||
| Thyroxine | Serum | GPb | Glycogen | Fluorimetric | 10 ng/ml | (126) |
| triiodothyroxine | Serum | GPb | Glycogen | Fluorimetric | 0.3 ng/ml | (127) |
| Theophylline | Serum | ALP | NAD | Electrochemical | 6.3 μg/ml | (128) |
| Cyclosporins | Whole blood | G6PDH | G6P | Photometric | 24.9 ng/ml | (129) |
ALP, alkaline phosphatase; β-GAL, β-D-galactosidase; HRP, horseradish peroxidase; GPb, glycogen phosphorylase b; G6PDH, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; PNPP, p-nitrophenylphosphate; NADPH, nicotinamide anednine dinucleotide phosphate; MUG, 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-D-galactose; TMB, 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine; SAV, streptavidin; NAD, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; G6P, glucose-6-phosphate.