Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population stratified by sex
| |
Men |
Women |
p-value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 1,966) | (N = 2,027) | ||
| Age, years |
52.1 (37.4; 65.3) |
49.5 (36.0; 62.3) |
<0.001 |
| Serum prolactin, μg/l |
4.9 (3.6; 6.9) |
6.5 (4.5; 9.4) |
<0.001 |
| Current smoker,% |
33.5 |
26.9 |
<0.001 |
| Physical activity,% |
41.0 |
43.4 |
0.130 |
| Alcohol consumption, g/d |
11.9 (1.5; 27.9) |
2.5 (0.0; 7.2) |
<0.001 |
| Educational level |
|
|
<0.001 |
| < 10 years |
42.7 |
37.8 |
|
| = 10 years |
39.8 |
46.8 |
|
| > 10 years |
17.5 |
15.3 |
|
| Parity, N |
NA |
2 (1, 3) |
NA |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 |
27.3 (24.9; 29.9) |
26.1 (22.8; 30.2) |
<0.001 |
| Waist circumference, cm |
95.2 (87.5; 102.9) |
81.5 (72.8; 92.1) |
<0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg |
140.5 (129.5; 153.0) |
127.0 (114.5; 143.0) |
<0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg |
85.0 (78.0; 93.0) |
80.5 (73.5; 87.5) |
<0.001 |
| Serum total cholesterol, mmol/l |
5.7 (4.9; 6.4) |
5.7 (4.9; 6.5) |
0.811 |
| Serum triglycerides, mmol/l |
1.7 (1.2; 2.6) |
1.3 (0.9; 1.9) |
<0.001 |
| Serum LDL cholesterol, mmol/l |
3.6 (2.8; 4.3) |
3.4 (2.7; 4.2) |
0.002 |
| Serum HDL cholesterol, mmol/l |
1.2 (1.0; 1.5) |
1.5 (1.3; 1.8) |
<0.001 |
| Serum glucose, mmol/l |
5.4 (5.0; 6.0) |
5.2 (4.8; 5.7) |
<0.001 |
| Glycated hemoglobin A1c,% |
5.4 (5.0; 5.9) |
5.2 (4.8; 5.7) |
<0.001 |
| Metabolic syndrome,% |
34.0 |
22.2 |
<0.001 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus,% | 12.6 | 9.0 | <0.001 |
Data are given as percentages or median (p25th; p75th). NA, not applicable; LDL cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
* Differences between men and women were tested using χ2 test (categorical data) and Whitney-Mann-U Test (continuous data).