Table II.
Abuse during childhood and adolescence and risk of adult-onset asthma, BWHS, 1995–2011
| Cases/person-years | Basic IRR* (95% CI) | Multivariable IRR† (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| STAGE OF ABUSE | |||
| No abuse as child or teen | 411/176185 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Any child abuse | 646/203626 | 1.28 (1.09–1.49) | 1.24 (1.06–1.45) |
| Any teen abuse | 492/153657 | 1.18 (0.95–1.47) | 1.10 (0.88–1.36) |
| Child abuse only | 257/88088 | 1.27 (1.09–1.49) | 1.24 (1.06–1.45) |
| Teen abuse only | 103/38120 | 1.18 (0.95–1.46) | 1.10 (0.88–1.36) |
| Both child and teen abuse | 389/115537 | 1.48 (1.29–1.70) | 1.29 (1.12–1.48) |
| CHILDHOOD ABUSE | |||
| Type of childhood abuse | |||
| Physical abuse only | 406/128517 | 1.28 (1.09–1.51) | 1.26 (1.07–1.49) |
| Sexual abuse only | 73/25451 | 1.20 (0.92–1.56) | 1.15 (0.88–1.49) |
| Physical and sexual abuse | 167/49657 | 1.34 (1.08–1.67) | 1.24 (1.00–1.24) |
| Frequency of childhood physical abuse | |||
| Low | 236/79922 | 1.23 (1.02–1.47) | 1.22 (1.01–1.46) |
| Intermediate | 134/39229 | 1.40 (1.11–1.76) | 1.38 (1.10–1.73) |
| High | 203/59024 | 1.41 (1.12–1.76) | 1.35 (1.08–1.69) |
| Frequency of childhood sexual abuse | |||
| 1–3 incidents | 151/51708 | 1.13 (0.85–1.51) | 1.09 (0.82–1.46) |
| 4+ incidents | 89/23400 | 1.43 (1.00–2.04) | 1.28 (0.90–1.83) |
| ADOLESCENT ABUSE | |||
| Type of teen abuse | |||
| Physical abuse only | 228/72763 | 1.19 (0.93–1.52) | 1.12 (0.87–1.43) |
| Sexual abuse only | 121/42657 | 1.12 (0.87–1.43) | 1.05 (0.82–1.34) |
| Physical and sexual abuse | 143/38238 | 1.39 (1.06–1.84) | 1.23 (0.93–1.62) |
| Frequency of teen physical abuse | |||
| Low | 182/60686 | 1.10 (0.82–1.48) | 1.06 (0.79–1.43) |
| Intermediate | 83/23424 | 1.27 (0.88–1.82) | 1.16 (0.81–1.66) |
| High | 106/26891 | 1.38 (0.96–1.98) | 1.22 (0.85–1.76) |
| Frequency of teen sexual abuse | |||
| 1–3 incidents | 211/66359 | 1.10 (0.84–1.45) | 1.04 (0.79–1.37) |
| 4+ incidents | 53/14536 | 1.16 (0.77–1.73) | 1.04 (0.70–1.57) |
Adjusted for age and calendar time. Child abuse variables are adjusted for teen abuse and teen abuse variables are adjusted for child abuse. Sexual abuse variables are adjusted for physical abuse and physical abuse variables are adjusted for sexual abuse.
Adds to the basic model parental history of asthma (yes, no, unknown), income (<=$25,000, $25,001–$50,000, $50,001–$100,000, >$100,000, missing), number in household supported by the income (1, 2, 3–4, 5+, missing), years of education (<=12, 13–15, 16, 17+), years of hormone therapy use (never, <5 years, >=5 years, missing), BMI (<25, 25–29, 30–34, 35–39, 40+, missing), hours/week vigorous exercise (none, <5, 5+,missing), 2nd hand smoke exposure at ages 0–10, 11–20, 21–30, 31–40 and currently (yes, no, missing), current smoking (yes, no), pack-years of smoking (never smoke, <5, 5–14, 15–24, 25+, missing), and alcohol consumption (never, past, current 1–3/week, 4–6/week, 7–13/week, 14+/week, missing).