Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012 Dec 6;131(4):1058–1063. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.10.023

Table V.

Abuse during childhood and risk of adult-onset asthma during later years of follow-up, BWHS, 2005–2011

Cases/person-years Multivariable IRR* (95% CI)
No abuse as child or teen 83/58155 1.0
Any child abuse 138/67542 1.34 (0.95–1.88)
Type of childhood abuse
 Physical abuse only 92/42606 1.46 (1.03–2.09)
 Sexual abuse only 11/8462 0.90 (0.47–1.72)
 Physical and sexual abuse 35/16474 1.32 (0.83–2.13)
Frequency of childhood physical abuse
 Low 56/26626 1.42 (0.96–2.10)
 Intermediate 27/12973 1.39 (0.84–2.29)
 High 44/19481 1.47 (0.90–2.38)
Frequency of childhood sexual abuse
 1–3 incidents 29/17263 0.99 (0.50–1.95)
 4+ incidents 17/7673 1.22 (0.54–2.79)
*

Adjusted for age, calendar time, parental history of asthma (yes, no, unknown), income (<=$25,000, $25,001–$50,000, $50,001–$100,000, >$100,000, missing), number in household supported by the income (1, 2, 3–4, 5+, missing), years of education (<=12, 13–15, 16, 17+), years of hormone therapy use (never, <5 years, >=5 years, missing), BMI (<25, 25–29, 30–34, 35–39, 40+, missing) hours/week vigorous exercise (none, <5, 5+,missing), 2nd hand smoke exposure at ages 0–10, 11–20, 21–30, 31–40 and currently (yes, no, missing), current smoking (yes, no), pack-years of smoking (never smoke, <5, 5–14, 15–24, 25+, missing), alcohol consumption (never, past, current 1–3/week, 4–6/week, 7–13/week, 14+/week, missing) and adolescent abuse (ever, never). Physical abuse variables are adjusted for sexual abuse and sexual abuse is adjusted for physical abuse.