Table 2.
Results of simulated fish survival in FOCUS-SW exposure patternsa
| Scenariob | Model (GUTS) | Carp two applications | Carp two applications | Carp one application | Carp one application | Fathead minnow two applications | Fathead minnow two applications | Fathead minnow one application | Fathead minnow one application |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Endpoint | Survival in 10× higher concentrations (at day 485) | Factor (safety margin) | Survival in 10× higher concentrations (at day 485) | Factor (safety margin) | Survival in 10× higher concentrations (at day 485) | Factor (safety margin) | Survival in 10× higher concentrations (at day 485) | Factor (safety margin) | |
| D1 ditch | SD | 100% | 21.4 | 100% | 52.4 | 100% | 20.5 | 100% | 49.5 |
| IT | 100% | 16.3 | 100% | 41.1 | 99% | 14.8 | 100% | 37.3 | |
| D1 stream | SD | 100% | 34.2 | 100% | 85.9 | 100% | 32.9 | 100% | 82.3 |
| IT | 100% | 26.1 | 100% | 65.9 | 100% | 23.6 | 100% | 59.7 | |
| D2 ditch | SD | 100% | 16.3 | 100% | 36.4 | 100% | 15.3 | 100% | 34.0 |
| IT | 99% | 13.2 | 100% | 29.5 | 96% | 11.9 | 100% | 26.8 | |
| D2 stream | SD | 100% | 28.3 | 100% | 53.6 | 100% | 26.4 | 100% | 50.7 |
| IT | 100% | 23.2 | 100% | 41.3 | 100% | 21.0 | 100% | 37.5 | |
| D4 stream | SD | 100% | 80.0 | 100% | 177 | 100% | 74.7 | 100% | 165 |
| IT | 100% | 82.7 | 100% | 184 | 100% | 74.9 | 100% | 167 | |
| D6 ditch | SD | 100% | 28.6 | 100% | 61.8 | 100% | 25.5 | 100% | 55.1 |
| IT | 100% | 30.6 | 100% | 66.8 | 100% | 27.8 | 100% | 60.5 | |
a
FOCUS-SW are the Forum for Co-ordination of Pesticide Fate Models and Their Use (FOCUS) surface water models [7] (pesticide fate models used for environmental risk assessment of pesticides in Europe).
b
Each scenario consists of a set of environmental boundary conditions (e.g., soil, weather) for pesticide fate simulations that reflect realistic worst-case landscapes in Europe.
GUTS = general unified threshold model for survival; SD = stochastic death; IT = individual tolerance.