Inhibition of allogeneic T-cell proliferation after DC expression of CTLA4-KDEL or IDO. BALB/c (H-2d) DCs were transduced on day 6 of culture with EIAV-GFP (control), EIAV-CTLA4-KDEL or EIAV-IDO and stimulated with LPS on day 8 of culture. All DC populations were cultured on day 9 with fully MHC-disparate, spleen-derived C3H/He CD4+ T cells. Where indicated, 250 μM 1-methyl-D,L-tryptophan (1-MT), in combination with excess tryptophan, was added to the medium at the start of coculture. (A) Increasing numbers of both EIAV transduced and untransduced DC populations (0–105) were co-cultured with C3H/He-derived CD4+ T cells. Proliferation of CD4+ T cells was detected by thymidine incorporation on day 5 of the MLR, and the results are shown as the mean ± SD of triplicate wells and are representative of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, two-tailed t-test. (B) Expression of the 52 kDa cyclin E protein and p27Kip1 protein (and the 42 kDa β-actin protein), in the lysates of CD4+ T cells incubated with either the transduced or untransduced DCs described was determined by western blotting on day 4 of co-culture. Data shown are representative of three independent experiments performed.