The concentrations of serotonin (5-HT, A), substance P (SP, B), glycine (GLY, C), and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA, D) in the effluent dialysate were significantly (P < 0.05) elevated with daytime dialysis of atropine compared with time control, as determined by 2-way ANOVA (time and treatment as factors). x-Axis indicates hour of dialysis. Open bars indicate dialysis of mCSF; filled bars indicate atropine dialysis. For each hour, open bars on the left are data from time control studies and bars on the right are data from atropine dialysis studies. F and P values are taken from 2-way ANOVA. *P < 0.05 between treatment groups, **P < 0.001 between treatment groups, †P < 0.05 vs. hour 1, ††P < 0.001 vs. hour 1, §P < 0.05 vs. hour 2, and §§P < 0.001 vs. hour 2, as indicated by post hoc analysis (Holm-Sidak). For 5-HT, SP, GLY, GABA: time control, n = 7; atropine studies, n = 9. For epinephrine [Epi (EP)]: time control, n = 6; atropine studies, n = 7. For dopamine (DA): time control and atropine studies, n = 6. Power of the 2-way ANOVAs ranged between 0.9 and 1.0 for 5-HT, SP, GLY, and GABA, whereas for Epi and DA, power was <0.2.