Table 3. Factors associated with poorer knowledge scores on symptoms and risk factors of Colorectal Cancer (CRC).
| Symptoms | Risk factors | |||
| Adjusted odds ratio (95% C.I.) | p | Adjusted odds ratio (95% C.I.) | p | |
| Age (years) | ||||
| 50–54 | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | ||
| 55–59 | 1.035 (0.930–1.152) | 0.530 | 0.968 (0.872–1.076) | 0.549 |
| 60–64 | 1.091 (0.960–1.241) | 0.182 | 1.018 (0.898–1.154) | 0.779 |
| 65–70 | 1.074 (0.903–1.276) | 0.421 | 0.865 (0.731–1.023) | 0.089 |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | ||
| Male | 1.343 (1.203–1.498) | <0.001 | 1.195 (1.073–1.331) | 0.001 |
| Educational level | ||||
| Primary or below | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | ||
| Secondary | 0.599 (0.534–0.670) | <0.001 | 0.598 (0.536–0.667) | <0.001 |
| Tertiary or above | 0.489 (0.418–0.571) | <0.001 | 0.404 (0.347–0.471) | <0.001 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married/cohabit | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | ||
| Single/divorced/widowed/others | 1.009 (0.888–1.145) | 0.895 | 0.972 (0.858–1.101) | 0.654 |
| Occupational status | ||||
| Full time | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | ||
| Part time or retired | 0.869 (0.772–0.977) | 0.019 | 0.837 (0.746–0.939) | 0.002 |
| Housewife and others | 0.858 (0.753–0.979) | 0.023 | 0.832 (0.731–0.947) | 0.005 |
| Monthly household income ($US) | ||||
| <1285$ | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | ||
| 1285$–2571$ | 0.965 (0.855–1.088) | 0.559 | 1.032 (0.917–1.160) | 0.604 |
| 2571$–3856$ | 0.996 (0.859–1.154) | 0.9523 | 0.975 (0.844–1.125) | 0.729 |
| 3856$–5141$ | 0.936 (0.772–1.135) | 0.502 | 1.014 (0.840–1.224) | 0.887 |
| >5142$ | 0.805 (0.657–0.988) | 0.038 | 0.930 (0.760–1.138) | 0.481 |
| Refused to answer | 0.938 (0.814–1.081) | 0.376 | 0.915 (0.796–1.051) | 0.211 |
| Self perceived risk of CRC | ||||
| At risk | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | ||
| Not at risk | 1.118 (1.009–1.238) | 0.033 | 1.545 (1.396–1.709) | <0.001 |
| Not sure | 1.942 (1.550–2.433) | <0.001 | 2.466 (1.986–3.063) | <0.001 |
| Family history of CRC | ||||
| Nil | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | ||
| First degree relatives | 0.625 (0.549–0.711) | <0.001 | 0.943 (0.829–1.073) | 0.372 |
| Second degree relatives | 0.614 (0.538–0.702) | <0.001 | 0.806 (0.706–0.920) | 0.001 |
| Others | 0.781 (0.693–0.880) | <0.001 | 0.800 (0.712–0.899) | <0.001 |
| Necessity of CRC screening for people aged ≥50 | ||||
| Very or quite necessary | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | ||
| Not very necessary or unnecessary | 1.341 (1.036–1.735) | 0.026 | 1.731 (1.340–2.236) | <0.001 |
| Not sure | 2.083 (1.788–2.427) | <0.001 | 2.673 (2.301–3.105) | <0.001 |
| Smoking | ||||
| Nil/ex-smoker | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | ||
| Current smoker | 1.381 (1.106–1.723) | 0.004 | 1.037 (0.846–1.269) | 0.729 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | ||||
| <23 | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | ||
| ≥23 | 1.140 (1.043–1.245) | 0.004 | 0.885 (0.812–0.965) | 0.006 |
*
CRC: Colorectal Cancer.