Choo 2000 [71] |
USA |
44/M |
Neck pain |
GV16 (neck) |
Acute intracranial hemorrhage |
Immediately |
Not specified |
Recovered (10 d) |
Hama 2004 [72] |
Japan |
70/M |
Not stated |
Not stated (broken needle) |
Medulla oblongata injury, left facial paresthesia |
3 wk |
Not specified |
Recovered (1 y) |
Eftekhar 2005 [73] |
Iran |
74/M |
LBP |
Lumbar region |
Epidural hematoma |
Shortly |
Not specified |
Recovered (after surgery) |
Chen 2006 [74] |
Taiwan |
30/M |
Back pain |
Upper back |
Epidural haematoma |
1 h |
Acupuncturist |
Recovered (after surgery) |
Ulloth 2007 [75] |
USA |
52/M |
LBP |
L1, L2, and L3 Vertebrae (embedded needles) |
Cerebrospinal fluid fistula |
14 mo |
Acupuncturist |
Recovered (after surgery) |
Liou 2007 [55] |
Taiwan |
29/M |
Stiffness of neck |
Epidural space at C2 level (a broken needle) |
Spinal Cord Injury |
3 y |
“Nonmedical practitioner” |
Recovered (after surgery) |
Tsukazaki 2008 [76] |
Japan |
32/F |
Not stated |
GV16 (neck) |
Subarachnoid hemorrhage |
1 d |
Oriental medicine clinic |
Not stated |
Lee 2011 [77] |
Korea |
58/F |
Quadri- paresis neck pain |
Neck |
Cervical epidural hematoma |
1 h |
Family physician |
Recovered (8 wk) |
Heo 2011 [56] |
Korea |
65/M |
Not stated |
Posterior neck |
Intracranial hemorrhage and cerebellar infarction |
3 d |
Unauthorized acupuncturist |
Recovered (1 mo) |