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. 2013 Jan 18;56(9):1232–1239. doi: 10.1093/cid/cit018

Table 1.

Classification of Maternal Cytomegalovirus Infection in Pregnancy

Classification Summary
Confirmed primary First blood sample in pregnancy CMV IgG negative and subsequent sample CMV IgG positive (seroconversion confirmed by retesting of samples in pair) (n = 48); or IgG negative on single antenatal blood sample and infant born with confirmed congenital infection (n = 11);
Presumed primary First antenatal blood sample CMV IgM positive (n = 23)
Confirmed nonprimary CMV IgG positive on a blood sample collected before conception (eg, in a previous pregnancy) (n = 21)
Presumed nonprimary CMV IgG positive/IgM negative on initial blood sample taken in the first trimester of pregnancy (n = 23); or a 4-fold or greater rise in CMV IgG titer in paired samples without the appearance of CMV IgM (n = 1)
Unclassified Test results not fulfilling above criteria, or no maternal samples available (n = 49)

Abbreviations: CMV, cytomegalovirus; IgG, immunoglobulin G; IgM, immunoglobulin M.