Table 3.
Determinants of health service use (probit model)
| |
Outpatient |
|
Folk doctor |
|
Preventive care |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coefficient | S.E. | Coefficient | S.E. | Coefficient | S.E. | |
|
Need variables |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Age group (ref = 18–29) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 30-44 |
−0.036 |
0.128 |
0.328*** |
0.115 |
−0.097 |
0.381 |
| 45-64 |
0.043 |
0.123 |
0.285** |
0.114 |
−0.182 |
0.1 |
| 65 and above |
0.116 |
0.144 |
0.352*** |
0.134 |
−0.123 |
0.399 |
| Gender (1 = male) |
−0.115* |
0.063 |
−0.009 |
0.055 |
−0.147** |
0.026 |
| Morbidity types (ref = Major illness) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No symptoms |
−2.373*** |
0.109 |
−0.487*** |
0.118 |
−0.658*** |
0 |
| Minor Illness |
0.02 |
0.073 |
−0.091 |
0.097 |
−0.282*** |
0.009 |
| 4 week illness |
0.715*** |
0.068 |
0.183* |
0.096 |
0.149 |
0.179 |
|
Non-need/socioeconomic variables |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Per capita income (lg) |
0.049 |
0.037 |
−0.009 |
0.034 |
0.087** |
0.033 |
| Insurance type (ref = no insurance) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| NCMS |
−0.021 |
0.118 |
−0.199* |
0.107 |
0.163 |
0.152 |
| Commercial insurance |
−0.511** |
0.225 |
−0.216 |
0.234 |
0.413** |
0.017 |
| Other insurance |
−0.024 |
0.139 |
−0.378** |
0.17 |
0.48*** |
0 |
| Marital Status (1 = married) |
−0.033 |
0.092 |
0.113 |
0.089 |
0.084 |
0.407 |
| Occupation (ref = white collar and skilled worker) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Unskilled and agriculture |
−0.158 |
0.119 |
0.123 |
0.125 |
−0.198* |
0.073 |
| Other job |
−0.091 |
0.229 |
0.01 |
0.218 |
−0.189 |
0.388 |
| Unemployed |
−0.217* |
0.126 |
0.211 |
0.131 |
−0.008 |
0.945 |
| Education level (ref = uni and above) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No edu |
0.033 |
0.254 |
0.569 |
0.422 |
−0.568*** |
0.004 |
| Pri and sec edu |
0.057 |
0.244 |
0.472 |
0.418 |
−0.491*** |
0.006 |
| High school |
−0.145 |
0.247 |
0.502 |
0.42 |
−0.504*** |
0.005 |
| Region (ref = Province Guizhou) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Province Liaoning |
−0.236* |
0.122 |
−0.468*** |
0.115 |
0.159 |
0.288 |
| Province Heilongjiang |
−0.222 |
0.147 |
−0.904*** |
0.168 |
−0.247 |
0.199 |
| Province Jiangsu |
0.009 |
0.133 |
−0.424*** |
0.132 |
0.605*** |
0 |
| Province Shandong |
0.178 |
0.137 |
−0.084 |
0.105 |
0.61*** |
0 |
| Province Henan |
0.333*** |
0.119 |
0.108 |
0.09 |
0.151 |
0.327 |
| Province Hubei |
0.082 |
0.12 |
−0.506*** |
0.115 |
0.489*** |
0 |
| Province Hunan |
−0.199 |
0.136 |
−0.137 |
0.107 |
−0.03 |
0.863 |
| Province Guangxi |
0.265** |
0.114 |
0.136 |
0.088 |
0.271* |
0.06 |
| 2009 |
0.173 |
0.116 |
0.38*** |
0.107 |
−0.058 |
0.586 |
|
Constant |
−0.789* |
0.454 |
−2.249*** |
0.554 |
−1.896*** |
0 |
| |
N |
8270 |
N |
8270 |
N |
8270 |
| |
LR chi2(27) |
3376.57 |
LR chi2(27) |
301.96 |
LR chi2(27) |
272.87 |
| |
Prob > chi2 |
0 |
Prob > chi2 |
0 |
Prob > chi2 |
0 |
| Pseudo R2 | 0.5845 | Pseudo R2 | 0.1016 | Pseudo R2 | 0.1294 |
Note: Per capita household income is inflated to year 2009 using consumer price index. *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1.