. 2013 Mar 26;10:9. doi: 10.1186/1743-8977-10-9

Table 1.

Physicochemical characterization of metal oxide nanoparticles

Particles	Crystallinity	Primary size (nm) measured by		Hydrodynamic size (nm)^a	Surface area (m²/g)^b	Endotoxin (pg/ml)^c
Particles	Crystallinity	Manufacturer	SEM	Hydrodynamic size (nm)^a	Surface area (m²/g)^b	Endotoxin (pg/ml)^c
TiO₂	Anatase 80: 20 Rutile	21	26.4 ± 6.1	37.8 ± 0.4	50±15	N.D.
ZnO	Hexagonal	40	89.3 ± 44.7	201.8 ± 17.2	60±10	N.D.

ND not detectable. SEM scanning electron microscopy.

^aNanoparticles were dispersed in DW and measured by a dynamic light scattering method.

^bSpecific surface area by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method was provided by the manufacturer.

^cLevels of endotoxin were measured using an Endpoint Chromogenic Limulus Amebocyte Lysate assay (Cambrex, MD, USA).