Figure 3. The combination of CpG and R848 upregulates proinflammatory cytokines in pVAX1-Sj26GST–vaccinated mice.
Seven days after the last immunization with pVAX1-Sj26GST, alone or with CpG, R848, or both (CpG+R848), splenocytes (2×105/well) from each mouse were incubated in in the presence of SWA (15 µg/mL) or control media for 3 days in a 200-µL volume in 96-well plates. Supernatants were collected after 72 h and tested for IFN-γ (A), TNF-α (B), IL-4 (C), or IL-10 (D). Bars represent the mean ± SEM (n = 6 per group) of 18 mice from 3 independent experiments performed in triplicate wells. * P<0.05; ** P<0.01.