Figure 1. Species records of Carabus irregularis used for species distribution modelling and populations sampled for genetic analyses.

SDMs included species records displayed as small crosses. Genetic analyses included populations of the three subspecies – C. i. irregularis (circles), C. i. bucephalus (squares) and C. i. montandoni (triangles). Genetic analyses resulted in two major clades: a Carpathian clade (Clade A = blue colours) and a European clade (Clade B = green colours). The clades split into five subclades: an eastern Carpathian (Ae = dark blue), a southern Carpathian (As = light blue), a northern European (Bn = dark green), a southern European (Bs = olive green) and a purely Slovenian clade (Bsl = light green).