Table 4. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of associations of VEGF-C genotypic frequencies and smoking with male oral cancer among 461 betel-nut consumers.
| Variable | Controls (n = 90) (%) | Patients (n = 371) (%) | OR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) |
| rs3775194 | ||||
| a GG genotype and non-smoker | 13 (14.4%) | 18 (4.9%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| b GC or CC genotype or smoker | 52 (56.7%) | 272 (72.5%) | 3.809 (1.757∼8.257) | 4.533 (1.740∼11.808) |
| c GC or CC genotype and a smoker | 26 (28.9%) | 84 (22.6%) | 2.333 (1.009∼5.395) | 2.695 (1.270∼10.750) |
| rs11947611 | ||||
| a AA genotype and non-smoker | 9 (10.0%) | 11 (3.0%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| b AG or GG genotype or smoker | 48 (53.3%) | 139 (37.5%) | 2.369 (0.925∼6.066) | 2.897 (0.822∼10.213) |
| c AG or GG genotype and a smoker | 33 (36.7%) | 221 (59.6%) | 5.479 (2.111∼14.223) | 8.066 (2.250∼28.913) |
| rs1485766 | ||||
| a CC genotype and non-smoker | 6 (6.7%) | 11 (3.0%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| b CA or AA genotype or smoker | 35 (38.9%) | 119 (32.1%) | 1.855 (0.640∼5.373) | 1.406 (0.381∼5.198) |
| c CA or AA genotype and a smoker | 49 (54.4%) | 241 (65.0%) | 2.683 (0.947∼7.598) | 2.940 (0.817∼10.575) |
| rs7664413 | ||||
| a CC genotype and non-smoker | 15 (16.7%) | 9 (2.4%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| b CT or TT genotype or smoker | 49 (54.9%) | 197 (53.1%) | 6.701 (2.769∼16.214) | 10.876 (3.431∼34.471) |
| c CT or TT genotype and a smoker | 26 (28.9%) | 165 (44.5%) | 10.577 (4.198∼26.650) | 18.100 (5.427∼60.369) |
Odds ratios with their 95% confidence intervals were estimated by logistic regression models.
Adjusted odds ratios with their 95% confidence intervals were estimated by multiple logistic regression models after controlling for age and alcohol consumption.
a
Individuals with the wild-type genotype who do not smoke.
b
Individuals with either at least one mutated genotype or who smoke.
c
Individual with both at least one mutated genotype and who smoke.