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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Apr 5.
Published in final edited form as: J Youth Adolesc. 2011 Aug 19;41(1):14–26. doi: 10.1007/s10964-011-9706-y

Table 3. Standardized path coefficients (N = 704).

Path coefficient p-value
Stability paths (Wave 1 → Wave 2)
 Body mass index z-score .91 <.001
 Percent body fat .92 <.001
 Cigarette use .83 <.001
 Alcohol use .73 <.001
 Marijuana use .88 <.001
Covariance paths
 Body mass index z-score Wave 1 ↔ percent body fat Wave 1 .78 <.001
 Cigarette use Wave 1 ↔ alcohol use Wave 1 .63 <.001
 Cigarette use Wave 1 ↔ marijuana use Wave 1 .75 <.001
 Alcohol use Wave 1 ↔marijuana use Wave 1 .64 <.001
 Body mass index z-score Wave 2 ↔ percent body fat Wave 2 .90 <.001
 Cigarette use Wave 2 ↔ alcohol use Wave 2 .60 <.001
 Cigarette use Wave 2 ↔ marijuana use Wave 2 .85 <.001
 Alcohol use Wave 2 ↔marijuana use Wave 2 .86 <.001
Control paths (Wave 1 → Wave 1)
 Female gender → body mass index z-score −.29 <.001
 Non-White race → body mass index z-score .11 <.001
 Age → body mass index z-score −.31 <.001
 Weight satisfaction → body mass index z-score −.47 <.001
 Pubertal status → body mass index z-score .40 <.001
 Parent education → body mass index z-score −.02 .46
 Female gender → percent body fat .36 <.001
 Non-White race → percent body fat .13 <.001
 Age → percent body fat −.17 <.001
 Weight satisfaction → percent body fat −.43 <.001
 Pubertal status → percent body fat .23 <.001
 Parent education → percent body fat −.05 .04
 Female gender → cigarette use −.20 .03
 Non-White race → cigarette use −.07 .26
 Age → cigarette use .29 .002
 Weight satisfaction → cigarette use −.12 .04
 Pubertal status → cigarette use .34 .005
 Parent education → cigarette use −.06 .41
 Female gender → alcohol use −.11 .10
 Non-White race → alcohol use .04 .34
 Age → alcohol use .58 <.001
 Weight satisfaction → alcohol use −.03 .42
 Pubertal status → alcohol use .12 .12
 Parent education → alcohol use −.08 .05
 Female gender → marijuana use −.36 <.001
 Non-White race → marijuana use −.004 .95
 Age → marijuana use .34 <.001
 Weight satisfaction → marijuana use −.18 .006
 Pubertal status → marijuana use .18 .11
 Parent education → marijuana use −.02 .66
Cross-lagged paths (Wave 1 → Wave 2)
 Body mass index z-score → cigarette use .15 .17
 Body mass index z-score → alcohol use .02 .75
 Body mass index z-score → marijuana use .03 .69
 Cigarette use → body mass index z-score .08 .42
 Alcohol use → body mass index z-score −.18 .02
 Marijuana use → body mass index z-score .04 .66
 Percent body fat → cigarette use −.15 .20
 Percent body fat → alcohol use .01 .88
 Percent body fat → marijuana use −.04 .72
 Cigarette use → percent body fat .24 .01
 Alcohol use → percent body fat −.14 .07
 Marijuana use → percent body fat −.11 .16