Table 2.
Effect of different experimental conditions on relative changes of trace element concentration in shoots, shoot biomass, and trace element content in shoots.a
| Percentage | Trace element concentration |
Shoot biomass |
Trace element content |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Decrease | No effect | Increase | nb | Decrease | No effect | Increase | nb | Decrease | No effect | Increase | nb | ||
| Soil pH | |||||||||||||
| <5.0 | 0.3 | 50.0 | 0.0 | 50.0 | 2 | 0.00 | 0.0 | 100 | 2 | 50.0 | 0.0 | 50.0 | 2 |
| 5.0–5.9 | 16.4 | 5.9 | 57.4 | 36.6 | 101 | 0.00 | 13.2 | 86.8 | 121 | 33.3 | 33.3 | 33.3 | 3 |
| 6.0–6.9 | 21.0 | 8.4 | 56.6 | 35.0 | 143 | 1.29 | 56.1 | 42.6 | 155 | 9.0 | 47.8 | 43.3 | 67 |
| 7.0–7.9 | 33.6 | 25.0 | 48.4 | 26.6 | 188 | 5.65 | 27.8 | 66.5 | 249 | 11.0 | 41.2 | 47.8 | 137 |
| > 8.0 | 8.9 | 22.7 | 57.6 | 19.7 | 66 | 8.00 | 18.0 | 74.0 | 50 | 20.0 | 36.7 | 43.3 | 30 |
| Large range of pH values | 3.3 | 12.5 | 79.2 | 8.3 | 24 | 0.00 | 14.3 | 85.7 | 21 | 0.0 | 33.3 | 66.7 | 21 |
| not indicated | 16.5 | 16.5 | 46.4 | 37.1 | 97 | 10.3 | 47.4 | 42.2 | 116 | 22.2 | 33.3 | 44.4 | 27 |
| Metal source of experimental soil | |||||||||||||
| Uncontaminated | 16.1 | 9.9 | 66.2 | 23.9 | 71 | 5.3 | 40.7 | 54.0 | 113 | 10.0 | 35.0 | 55.0 | 20 |
| Contaminated (geogenic) | 3.1 | 13.0 | 39.1 | 47.8 | 23 | 0.0 | 91.3 | 8.7 | 23 | n.i. | n.i. | n.i. | 0 |
| Polluted (anthropogenic) | 31.3 | 13.0 | 62.5 | 24.5 | 216 | 6.4 | 43.4 | 50.2 | 219 | 13.3 | 54.7 | 32.0 | 128 |
| Spiked | 44.3 | 22.5 | 40.4 | 37.1 | 275 | 3.7 | 23.7 | 72.6 | 321 | 13.7 | 28.2 | 58.1 | 117 |
| Amended (with cont. material) | 5.1 | 0.0 | 83.3 | 16.7 | 36 | 0.0 | 2.6 | 97.4 | 38 | 0.0 | 27.3 | 72.7 | 22 |
| Soil sterilization treatment | |||||||||||||
| Heat sterilized | 37.3 | 14.4 | 50.2 | 35.3 | 215 | 4.0 | 28.4 | 67.6 | 275 | 8.6 | 35.5 | 55.9 | 93 |
| γ-radiated + heat sterilized | 0.8 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 6 | 66.7 | 33.3 | 0.0 | 6 | 100 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6 |
| γ-radiated | 11.4 | 42.3 | 46.2 | 11.5 | 78 | 9.5 | 51.2 | 39.3 | 84 | 20.3 | 64.4 | 15.3 | 59 |
| No sterilization treatment | 50.5 | 11.2 | 56.5 | 32.3 | 322 | 2.6 | 33.2 | 64.2 | 349 | 7.0 | 34.9 | 58.1 | 129 |
| Taxonomic group of inoculant | |||||||||||||
| Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi | 28.5 | 29.0 | 45.0 | 26.0 | 169 | 8.6 | 39.0 | 52.4 | 210 | 22.4 | 38.3 | 39.3 | 107 |
| Ectomycorrhizal fungi | 3.5 | 0.0 | 88.5 | 11.5 | 26 | 7.7 | 30.8 | 61.5 | 26 | 20.0 | 50.0 | 30.0 | 10 |
| Unspecified mycorrhizol fungi | 1.6 | 0.0 | 41.7 | 58.3 | 12 | 8.3 | 25.0 | 66.7 | 12 | n.i. | n.i. | n.i. | 0 |
| Other fungal organisms | 1.6 | 25.0 | 66.7 | 8.3 | 12 | 0.0 | 91.7 | 8.3 | 12 | 0.0 | 100 | 0.0 | 3 |
| Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi + other fungal organism | 2.2 | 0.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 16 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100 | 16 | n.i. | n.i. | n.i. | 0 |
| Rhizobacteria | 53.3 | 12.3 | 57.0 | 30.7 | 342 | 1.4 | 34.4 | 64.2 | 369 | 2.4 | 50.8 | 46.8 | 126 |
| Endophytes | 1.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 100 | 10 | 0.0 | 14.3 | 85.7 | 14 | n.i. | n.i. | n.i. | 0 |
| Co-inoculation of different micr. strains | 7.5 | 17.6 | 50.0 | 32.4 | 34 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 78.2 | 55 | 18.2 | 9.1 | 72.7 | 33 |
| Mode of inoculation | |||||||||||||
| Single strains | 79.4 | 17.4 | 52.2 | 30.4 | 500 | 4.4 | 37.2 | 58.4 | 562 | 13.3 | 44.5 | 42.2 | 211 |
| Mix of strains | 20.6 | 10.7 | 58.7 | 30.6 | 121 | 4.6 | 19.7 | 75.7 | 152 | 9.2 | 28.9 | 61.8 | 76.0 |
| Source of inoculant | |||||||||||||
| Non-polluted soils | 2.17 | 0 | 56.3 | 43.8 | 16.0 | n.i. | n.i. | n.i. | 0 | n.i. | n.i. | n.i. | 0 |
| Polluted soils | 71.3 | 16.4 | 53.6 | 30.0 | 450 | 2.12 | 30.3 | 67.6 | 518 | 10.2 | 32.4 | 57.4 | 176 |
| Indigenous from polluted soils | 9.8 | 12.3 | 70.2 | 17.5 | 57.0 | 12.5 | 56.9 | 30.6 | 72.0 | 17.3 | 63.5 | 19.2 | 52.0 |
| Not indicated | 16.8 | 19.4 | 42.9 | 37.8 | 98.0 | 9.7 | 33.1 | 57.3 | 124.0 | 13.6 | 44.1 | 42.4 | 59.0 |
| All cases | 100 | 16.1 | 53.5 | 30.4 | 621 | 4.48 | 33.5 | 62.0 | 714 | 12.2 | 40.4 | 47.4 | 287 |
Values in the table indicate the percentage of studies documenting a given observation. Data were obtained from: Abou-Shanab et al. (2003), Abou-Shanab et al. (2006), Al Agely et al. (2005), Andreazza et al. (2010), Arriagada et al. (2007), Azcón et al. (2009), Bai et al. (2008); Baum et al. (2006), Braud et al. (2009), Brunetti et al. (2011), Burd et al. (1998, 2000), Chen et al. (2003, 2004, 2006, 2007a, 2007b, 2010), Citterio et al. (2005), Dary et al. (2010), Davies et al. (2001), De Maria et al. (2011), Di Gregorio et al. (2006), Dimkpa et al. (2009), Dos Santos Utmazian et al. (2007), Duponnois et al. (2006), Farwell et al. (2006, 2007), Ganesan (2008), Gao et al. (2010), He et al. (2009, 2010), Ike et al. (2007), Jankong et al. (2007), Janoušková et al. (2005), Jiang et al. (2008), Kuffner et al. (2008, 2010), Kumar et al. (2008, 2009), Leung et al. (2006), Liao et al. (2003), Liu et al. (2005), Ma et al. (2009a, 2009b, 2009c), Malcova et al. (2003), Marques et al. (2006), Medina et al. (2006), Nie et al. (2002), Rai et al. (2004), Rajkumar and Freitas (2008a, 2008b), Rajkumar et al. (2006), Reed and Glick (2005), Rodriguez et al. (2008), Safronova et al. (2006), Sell et al. (2005), Sheng and Xia (2006), Sheng et al. (2008a, 2008b, 2008c), Shilev et al. (2001, 2006), Sudova et al. (2007), Tank and Saraf (2009), Trotta et al. (2006), Vivas et al. (2003a, 2003b, 2006), Wang et al. (2005, 2007a, 2007b), Wani et al. (2007), Whiting et al. (2001b), Wu et al. (2006), Xu et al. (2008), Zaidi et al. (2006).
Number of studies evaluated.