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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Phys Biol. 2012 Nov 29;9(6):065006. doi: 10.1088/1478-3975/9/6/065006

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Regeneration of phenotypic heterogeneity occurs according to different mechanisms and different timescales. (a) Stochastic delivery of therapeutic agent. (b) Proteomic fluctuations. (c) Large-scale genetic alterations. (d) Point mutation. (e) From the almost “instantaneous” apparent drug resistance that results from extrinsic exposure to drug to the extended time scale of years observed with gene amplification or other chromosomal changes, the rates of interconversion span a remarkable range of time scales. Some have postulated that this is not by chance but allows a contingency plan for a wide range of challenges.