Table 4. Diabetes in relation to the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) according to the subjects' viral serology status, Singapore Chinese Health Study 1993–2010.
| |
All subjects |
Negative for all HBV or HCV |
Positive for HBV or HCVa |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ca/Cob | OR (95% CI)c | Ca/Cob | OR (95% CI)c | Ca/Cob | OR (95% CIc | |
| Non-diabetics |
71/249 |
1.00 |
26/204 |
1.00 |
45/45 |
1.00 |
| Diabetics | 21/25 | 2.55 (1.31–4.95) | 12/17 | 5.15 (2.08–12.73)d | 9/8 | 1.01 (0.30–3.39)d |
a
Positive serologic markers including hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) or antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV); HBV, hepatitis B virus.
b
Number of cases/number of controls.
c
Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using unconditional logistic regression models that also included age, year of recruitment, gender, dialect group, level of education, cigarette smoking status, alcohol intake frequency, body mass index and consumption of coffee and tea; CI, confidence interval.
d
P for the difference in the two odds ratios (or the interaction between diabetes and positive/negative serological markers of hepatitis B or C was 0.012.