Table 1.
Undertaking Process | Hymenoptera | Isoptera | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Phase | Behavior | Bees | Ants | Termites |
Recognition | Antennation | Apis mellifera | Most species | Most species |
Inspection and decision making | Alarm | NR* | NR | Reticulitermes flavipes 16, 50 |
Grooming | NR | Pogonomyrmex badius 5 |
Reticulitermes flavipes
16; Coptotermes formosanus 7; Reticulitermes speratus 7; Microcerotermes crassus 7 |
|
Corpse carrying | Apis mellifera 6 |
Pogonomyrmex badius
5; Solenopsis saevissima 5; Myrmecia vindex 22; Solenopsis invicta 26; Eciton 39; Linepithema humile 12; Atta texana 41, 42; Acromyrmex versicolor 34; Temnothorax lichtensteini 15 |
Coptotermes formosanus
49; Reticulitermes flavipes 27 |
|
Recruitment | NR | Solenopsis invicta 26 | Reticulitermes flavipes 16 | |
Aggression | NR | Temnothorax lichtensteini 15 | Reticulitermes flavipes 16; | |
End response | Cannibalism | NR |
Formica rufa 43; Solenopsis invicta
26; Pheidole; Oecophylla 17; Formica polyctena 35, 44 |
Reticulitermes sp.
47; Zootermopsis angusticollis 56; Coptotermes formosanus 7; Reticulitermes speratus 7; Microcerotermes crassus 7 |
Avoidance | NR | NR | Coptotermes acinaciformis 58; Coptotermes gestroi 83 | |
Burial | NR | Temnothorax lichtensteini 15 | Reticulitermes flavipes 16, 27, 48; Reticulitermes virginicus 20; Pseudacanthotermes spiniger 19; Coptotermes formosanus 7, 49;Reticulitermes speratus 7; Microcerotermes crassus 7; Globitermes sulphureus 7 | |
Corpse removal | Apis mellifera 6 |
Pogonomyrmex badius
5; Solenopsis saevissima 5; Myrmecia vindex 22; Solenopsis invicta 26; Eciton 39; Linepithema humile 12; Atta texana 41, 42; Acromyrmex versicolor 34; Temnothorax lichtensteini 15 |
NR |
* NR: Not Reported.