Table 1.

Cellular expression of adenosine receptors.

	A1 receptor	A2A receptor	A2B receptor	A3 receptor
Neutrophils		Diminished adhesion, activation		Stimulates chemotaxis
M1 macrophages		Inhibit phagocytosis, inflammatory cytokine production, increase IL-10	Stimulates IL-10
M2 macrophages		Stimulates M2 macrophage differentiation Production of pro-angiogenic factors
Lymphocytes		Inhibits TH17 differentiation Stimulates TReg differentiation
Osteoclasts and giant cells	Promotes osteoclast differentiation Stimulates giant cell formation	Inhibits osteoclast differentiation