Figure 1.

Colour development was delayed in siblings reared with predator cues and on low-food levels. The fitted functions represent the estimated fixed effects from a nonlinear mixed model including family as a random effect. These functions represent the development of colour elements that were eventually shared among all four full-siblings at day 78; the estimated asymptote was therefore constrained to be the same between treatments. Additional shared colour elements may have developed after day 78, but were not included in this analysis. Black lines represent functions for treatment combinations without predator cues and grey lines represent combinations with predator cues. Thick lines represent functions for treatment combinations with high-food levels and thin lines represent combinations with low-food levels. Squares and circles (combinations with high- and low-food levels, respectively) represent the mean number of the shared colour elements (n = 22 families, with one full-sibling reared in each of the four combinations of treatments) exhibited in weekly photos from day 29 to 78.