Table 4.
Comparison of phthalate food concentrations reported elsewhere in the literature with food concentrations found in the present study (ng/g wet weight).
| Food | Source | DEHP | DBP | BBzP | DiBP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beverages | This study (mean) | 3.9 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.3 |
| Wormuth et al. (2006)a | 14 | 18 | 0.1 | 2 | |
| Page and Lacroix (1995)b | ND | — | ND | — | |
| FSA (2012)c: MK | — | — | — | — | |
| FSA (2012)c: TDS | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
| Fierens et al. (2012)d | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| All dairy | This study (mean) | 126.5 | 85.9 | 3.6 | 1.6 |
| Wormuth et al. (2006)a | 211 | 22 | 14 | 0.4 | |
| Page and Lacroix (1995)b | 830 | — | 260 | — | |
| FSA (2012)c: MK | 159 | ND | ND | 12 | |
| FSA (2012)c: TDS | 71 | ND | ND | ND | |
| Fierens et al. (2012)d | 27.5 | 2.0 | ND | 2.4 | |
| Fish | This study (mean) | 31.7 | 11.0 | 1.6 | 1.0 |
| Wormuth et al. (2006)a | 13 | 8 | 5 | 1 | |
| Page and Lacroix (1995)b | 67 | — | ND | — | |
| FSA (2012)c: MK | 59 | ND | ND | ND | |
| FSA (2012)c: TDS | 789 | 9 | ND | 1 | |
| Fierens et al. (2012)d | 86.0 | ND | ND | ND | |
| Beef | This study (mean) | 1.9 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.1 |
| Wormuth et al. (2006)a | 207 | 75 | 0 | 7 | |
| Page and Lacroix (1995)b | 50 | — | ND | — | |
| FSA (2012)c: MK | 34 | 0.5 | ND | ND | |
| FSA (2012)c: TDS | 90 | ND | ND | ND | |
| Fierens et al. (2012)d | 44.5 | 1.5 | ND | 2.0 | |
| Pork | This study (mean) | 300 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 6.3 |
| Wormuth et al. (2006)a | 64 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Page and Lacroix (1995)b | 250 | — | ND | — | |
| FSA (2012)c: MK | 34 | 0.5 | ND | ND | |
| FSA (2012)c: TDS | 90 | ND | ND | ND | |
| Poultry | This study (mean) | 18.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.1 |
| Wormuth et al. (2006)a | 518 | 100 | 15 | 30 | |
| Page and Lacroix (2005)b | 2,600 | — | ND | — | |
| FSA (2012)c: MK | 34 | 0.5 | ND | ND | |
| FSA (2012)c: TDS | 322 | ND | ND | ND | |
| Abbreviations: —, no data provided for phthalate/food pair; MK, market basket; ND, searched for, but not found at provided detection limits; TDS, Total Diet Survey. aFood concentrations are compiled in Table IV of Wormuth et al. (2006) and come from a variety of sources available at that time. To get food group averages, the following tabular entries were averaged: Beverages—juices, tea, coffee, soft drinks, beer, wine, spirits, tap water, bottled water; All dairy—milk/milk beverages, cream, ice cream, yogurt, and cheese; Fish—fish/seafood; Beef—meat/meat products; Pork—sausages; Poultry—poultry. bMeasurements in food were reported for DEHP, BBzP, and DiBP in Page and Lacroix (1995). DBP was not studied in Page and Lacroix (1995). cThe Food Services Agency report (FSA 2012) contained average results for a targeted market basket (MK) survey as well as the Total Diet Survey (TDS). The average results (calculated at ND = 0) for these two surveys are provided here as MK/TDS. The market basket survey presented average results for all meat products, including beef, pork, and poultry products; this is why the same phthalate MK results are shown for beef, pork, and poultry. For “grain,” both UK surveys had “bread products” and “miscellaneous cereal products,” and these two categories were averaged for this table. dResults were taken from Table 5 of Fierens et al. (2012). They are medians of sampled foods. In some cases, the median was ND, so ND was put into the table; see Table 5 in Fierens et al. (2012) for the maximum concentration found and other information. The study sampled 13 “meats” and 9 “meat products,” without delineating between beef, pork, or poultry. The results provided under beef are for the 13 “meat” samples, and there are no results provided for pork or poultry. |