TABLE 1.
Descriptive Statistics for Maternal Emotions and Child Emotion and Behavior
| Age of Child (in months) |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18 |
24 |
36 |
48 |
|||||
| M | (SD) | M | (SD) | M | (SD) | M | (SD) | |
| Maternal emotion | ||||||||
| Negative total | 15.99 | (7.24) | 14.76 | (6.63) | 12.41 | (4.35) | 13.24 | (6.06) |
| Positive total | 13.94 | (5.99) | 15.71 | (6.60) | 16.74 | (7.20) | 16.95 | (6.33) |
| Child emotion | ||||||||
| Anger | ||||||||
| Latency | 4.05 | (6.53) | 4.11 | (7.51) | 10.08 | (11.47) | 18.04 | (12.56) |
| Duration | 7.35 | (8.10) | 6.01 | (8.36) | 1.87 | (1.91) | 1.21 | (1.47) |
| Intensity | 2.41 | (.73) | 2.22 | (.78) | 1.53 | (.92) | 0.95 | (.85) |
| Contentment | ||||||||
| Latency | 4.08 | (8.09) | 2.82 | (7.24) | 0.74 | (2.13) | 0.36 | (1.52) |
| Duration | 6.31 | (6.63) | 6.16 | (6.55) | 10.72 | (9.39) | 17.33 | (11.17) |
| Child misbehavior | ||||||||
| Disruptive epochs | 5.88 | (4.54) | 6.38 | (5.11) | 5.27 | (5.71) | 3.19 | (4.16) |
| Focus on gift epochs | 3.22 | (3.17) | 3.77 | (3.11) | 3.56 | (3.34) | 2.83 | (3.10) |
| Child regulatory behavior | ||||||||
| Support-seeking epochs | 1.60 | (2.22) | 2.69 | (3.11) | 7.37 | (4.76) | 10.98 | (6.67) |
| Distraction epochs | 6.21 | (5.09) | 6.70 | (5.76) | 8.40 | (5.48) | 12.19 | (7.36) |
Note. Maternal emotion is sum of ratings for 9 negative and 6 positive emotions on a 1–5 scale. Child misbehavior and regulatory behaviors were quantified as the number of 15-s epochs in which the behavior was observed.