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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Apr 9.
Published in final edited form as: Circ J. 2011 Nov 10;75(12):2722–2730. doi: 10.1253/circj.cj-11-1124

Figure 3.

Figure 3

A model for the cAMP/PKA pathway that regulates the expression of BMP-4 in the vascular endothelium. s-flow activates the cAMP/PKA pathway via Gα activation. This increases the phosphorylation and transcriptional activity of CREB and inhibits BMP-4 activation. Because BMP-4 elicits endothelial activation and vascular calcification, the model predicts that cAMP/PKA-mediated inhibition of BMP-4 expression contributes to the anti-atherogenic and vasculoprotective effects of s-flow. (See text for details.)