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ROS-dependent signaling pathway activated by s-flow, which induces eNOS-mediated NO production and subsequently increases mitochondria-derived H2O2. H2O2 then activates MAPK such as PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2, which induces Nrf2 translocation into the nucleus, leading to up-regulation of the cytoprotective HO-1. (See text for details.)
