FIG. 3.

Serum and urinary markers after administration of 5mg/kg AA. Male BALB/c mice were administered 5mg/kg AA IP in 0.9% saline. Blood, urine, and tissue were collected on days 0, 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 11, and 21. Urine was centrifuged at 3000rpm for 5min, and aliquots were stored at −80°C until further analysis. Serum markers, including sCr (A) and BUN (B), and urinary markers, NAG (C), Protein (D), and KIM-1 (E), were measured. For KIM-1 measurement, samples were diluted 1:10 in sample diluent. All urinary biomarkers were normalized to urinary creatinine levels. *p ≤ 0.05 compared with 0-h time point.