FIG. 3.

Increased expression of nuclei-targeted Trx1 sensitizes cells to death by low-dose Cd. Two days after transfection, HeLa cells expressed with vector control (VC), nuclei-targeted Trx1 (NLS-Trx1), cytoplasm-targeted Trx1 (NES-Trx1), and mitochondria-targeted Trx2 were examined for Cd (0.5µM, 18h) affected cell survival by microscopy (A) and WST-1 (B). Results are means ± SEM for at least three separate experiments. *p < 0.05 vs. VC. Trx1 localized expression was verified by immunocytochemistry probed with antibodies (ab) against myc (VC and NLS-Trx1), HA (NES-Trx1), and V5 (Trx2) epitopes followed by Cy3-conjugated ab (C). Cy3 orange fluorescence detection indicates localized expression of Trx as expected (C).