Table 2. Vascular Measures during the Trial.
| Characteristic | Placebo | Pentoxifylline | P-value1 |
| Resting brachial artery diameter, cm | |||
| Baseline | 0.44 (0.05) | 0.42 (0.08) | 0.60 |
| Week 4 | 0.44 (0.05) | 0.43 (0.08) | 0.72 |
| Week 8 | 0.44 (0.04) | 0.43 (0.07) | 0.68 |
| Flow-mediated dilation (%) | |||
| Baseline | 3.46 (2.32) | 4.09 (2.87) | 0.54 |
| Week 4 | 3.36 (2.78) | 2.35 (1.53) | 0.27 |
| Week 8 | 2.40 (1.58)2 | 2.80 (1.69)2 | 0.58 |
| Nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (%) | |||
| Baseline | 13.66 (7.02) | 15.88 (6.59) | 0.42 |
| Week 4 | 16.68 (7.11) | 13.91 (6.51) | 0.34 |
| Week 8 | 15.28 (5.76) | 17.16 (8.16) | 0.57 |
Notes: Data presented as means (standard deviation). All 13 placebo subjects had vascular imaging data available at all study visits. Of the 13 pentoxifylline subjects, 11 and 9 had vascular imaging data available at weeks 4 and 8 respectively.
1
For comparisons between placebo and pentoxifylline groups.
2
The reduction in FMD from baseline to week 8 was statistically significant within the placebo group (P = 0.02) but not within the pentoxifylline group (P = 0.09). No significant changes were found within groups in any other vascular measure from baseline to week 8 or from baseline to week 4.