VEGF, IL-23, and IL-6 are significantly increased in non-lesional skin following BzATP treatments. Non-lesional and lesional explants were injected with BzATP or PBS (control). 24 h (VEGF and IL-6) and 72 h (IL-23) following treatment VEGF, IL-6, and IL-23 transcript expression levels were determined by the 2−ΔΔCt method. Bars represent the mean ± SD of triplicates. Asterisk indicates a significant difference compared to non-lesional explants, unless otherwise indicated, p < 0.05. Representative of three independent experiments.