Table 2.

HDAC inhibitors and autoimmune disease models.

disease	animal	drug	prognosis	ref
experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)	C57BL/6 mouse	trichostatin A (TSA)	ameliorated EAE scores, reduced pro-Th1 and pro-proliferative mRNA in splenocytes	77
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)	NZB/W mouse	trichostatin A (TSA)	decreased anti-dsDNA antibody, increased Treg, decreased IgG and C3 deposits in kidney, decreased pathological glomerular diseases	76
autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS)	MRL/LpJ-Tnfrsf6[lpr] mouse	valproic acid (VPA)	reduced lymphoproliferation, reduced weights and cellularities of spleen and lymph nodes, decreased double-negative T cells in spleen, lymph node and peripheral blood, increased histone acetylation in splenocytes	79
collagen-induced arthritis (RA)	DBA/1J mouse, Dark Agouti rat	MS-275	dramatic anti-rheumatic activity, prevented bone erosion and bone resorption, delayed onsets of arthritis, decreased serum IL-6 and IL-1beta	74
	DBA/1J mouse, Dark Agouti rat	suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA)	moderate or slight reductions of arthritis, did not inhibit onset of arthritis
collagen-induced arthritis (RA)	DBA/1 mouse	valproic acid (VPA)	decreased incidences and severities, increased both numbers and functions of Treg, decreased joint inflammation, decreased joint damage and destruction	78
collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis (RA)	DBA/1 mouse	trichostatin A (TSA)	potently suppressed the severity of arthritis, suppressed T cell responses to type II collagen, increased production of IL-4, inhibited IFN-gamma expression	75
DSS-induce colitis	C57BL/6 mouse	trichostatin A (TSA)	substantially decreased colitis	80
	Hdac9-KO mouse	N/A	less colitis compared to wild type mice
cardiac and islet allografts	BALB/c (donar) to C57BL/6 (recipient) mice	trichostatin A (TSA) with rapamycin	induced permanent, Treg-dependent allograft survival, induced donor-specific allograft tolerance