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eIF2B and the VLCFA functional pathways. (A) Diagram showing the GEF pathway of eIF2B that is required for recharging eIF2 with GTP to begin a new round of translation initiation. (B) Diagram showing the cyclical VLCFA elongase pathway and the genes required for the catalytic steps. Also depicted is the pathway utilizing VLCFAs by the ceramide synthase complex LAC1/LAG1 and LIP1 to make ceramide. Ceramide is later modified to generate various sphingolipids.
