Table 1.
Characteristics of the steady state in the four stages of the FSCFa
| Characteristic | Value in stage: |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | |
| V (ml) | 500 | 500 | 700 | 700 |
| D (h−1) | 0.27 | 0.24 | 0.11 | 0.10 |
| dCO2/dt (mg/liter/h) | 0.37 ± 0.04 | 0.94 ± 0.09 | 0.54 ± 0.04 | 0.42 ± 0.02 |
| Residual YAN (mg/liter) | 1.63 ± 0.02 | 0.02 ± 0.02 | ND | ND |
| Residual glucose (g/liter) | 186 ± 7 | 178 ± 5 | 164 ± 5 | 151 ± 5 |
| Population (106 cells/ml) | 30 ± 3 | 58 ± 4 | 79 ± 4 | 82 ± 3 |
| Dry wt (g/liter) | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.9 ± 0.3 | 2.3 ± 0.3 |
| μ (h−1) | 0.27 ± 0.01 | 0.12 ± 0.02 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.003 ± 0.003 |
| pH | 3.30 ± 0.02 | 3.29 ± 0.04 | 3.31 ± 0.03 | 3.28 ± 0.02 |
a
Mean values and standard deviations were calculated from 3 independent FSCF experiments. For each culture, one sample was collected in the four stages, after three residence times at steady state. Abbreviations: V, volume; D, dilution rate; YAN, yeast assimilable nitrogen; ND, not detectable; μ, specific growth rate.