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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Apr 11.
Published in final edited form as: J Consult Clin Psychol. 2010 Feb;78(1):62–71. doi: 10.1037/a0018323

Table 4.

Outcome Analysis

Good v. bad outcomes Clusters membership
Variable alone CMSvCM ETTvHTT HTT: CMSvCM
Comparison 2.6 (1.1, 6.2)* 8.1 (3.1, 21)* 5.9 (1.6, 22)*
employment 3.0 (0.95, 9.3) 3.8 (1.2, 12.5) 3.4 (0.94, 12.3) 6.8 (1.1, 43)*
salary 0.7 (0.4, 1.1) 0.7 (0.4, 1.1) 0.7 (0.4, 1.2) 0.7 (0.3, 1.4)
FTND1 0.7 (0.6, 0.9)* 0.7 (0.6, 0.9)* 07 (0.6, 0.9)* 0.6 (0.4, 0.9)*
CL1 1.2 (0.98, 1.5) 1.3 (1.01, 1.6)* 1.2 (0.9, 1.5) 1.4 (1.01, 2)*
Age regular 1.1 (0.96, 1.2) 1.1 (0.95, 1.4) 1.1 (0.95, 1.2) 1.1 (0.95, 1.4)
Smoking allowed 0.7 (0.3, 1.6) 0.6 (0.2, 2.2) 0.9 (0.4, 2.4) 0.6 (0.2, 2.2)
No. quit attempts 1.1 (1.01, 1.2)* 1.1 (0.9, 1.4) 1.1 (0.97, 1.2) 1.1 (0.9, 1.4)
Longest without 1.001 1.001 1.002 1.002
smoking (1.0002, 1.002)* (1.0003, 1.003)* (1.0004, 1.003)* (1.001, 1.003)*
Model LRχ2(df, N) 34.4*(9,132) 39.5*(10,132) 55.0*(10,132) 37.5*(10,132)
Adjusted R2 (N) 0.19 (132) 0.22 (132) 0.30 (132) 0.34 (85)
Improving v. poor outcomes cluster membership
Variable alone CMSvCM ETTvHTT HTT: CMSvCM
Comparison Fisher’s Exact 2.8 (0.2–47) Fisher’s Exact
Test P=0.002 2.8 (0.2–47) Test P=0.004
gender 5.5 (0.6, 47) 5.1 (0.6, 44)
married 4.4 (0.5, 38) 3.9 (0.4, 35)
salary 0.6 (0.2, 1.5) 0.6 (0.2, 1.6)
CQ3 1.0 (0.7, 1.4) 1.0 (0.9, 1.1)
Age regular smoking 1.0 (0.7, 1.4) 1.0 (0.8, 1.4)
Number of quit
attempts 		1.1 (0.97, 1.2) 1.1 (0.9, 1.2)
Model LRχ2 (df, N) 12.0 (6,57) (1,61) 12.5 (7,57) (1,54)
Adjusted R2 (N) 0.28 (57) (61) 0.29 (57) (54)
Number of visits with CO < 4 ppm
Variable alone CMSvCM ETTvHTT HTT: CMSvCM
Comparison F (1,130)=0.20 F (1,130)=51.57* F (1,83)=1.84
FTND1 F (1,131)=14.28* F (1,130)=14.12* F (1,130)=8.78* F (1,83)=9.99*
CL1 F (1,131)=4.64* F (1,130)=4.67* F (1,130)=2.10 F (1,83)=2.65
Longest without
smoking (days) 		F (1,131)=7.41* F (1,130)=7.39* F (1,130)=16.49* F (1,83)=13.55*
Days last yr F (1,131)=4.76* F (1,130)=4.75* F (1,130)=1.62 F (1,83)=2.78
Model F (4,131)=7.50* F (5,130)=6.00* F (5,130)=18.62* F (5,83)=6.77
Adjusted R2 (N) 0.16 (136) 0.16 (136) 0.39 (136) 0.25 (89)
Every CO < 4 ppm on visits 66–70
Variable alone CMSvCM ETTvHTT HTT: CMSvCM
Comparison 1.8 (0.8, 3.9) 3.4 (1.5, 7.5)* 5.1 (1.4, 19)*
FTND 0.8 (0.7, 0.98)* 0.8 (0.7, 0.99)* 0.9 (0.7, 1.04) 0.6 (0.5, 0.9)
CL 1.2 (0.97, 1.5) 1.2 (0.97, 1.5) 1.2 (0.9, 1.4) 1.2 (0.9, 1.7)
Age regular
smoking began 		1.1 (0.95, 1.2) 1.1 (0.96, 1.2) 1.0 (0.9, 1.2) 1.1 (0.97, 1.3)
Longest withoutsmoking (days) 1.001
(1.0001,
1.001)* 		1.001
(1.0001,
1.001)* 		1.001
(1.0002,
1.001)* 		1.002
(1.001,
1.003)*
Number of quit
attempts 		1.1 (0.99, 1.1) 1.1 (0.99, 1.14) 1.03 (0.96, 1.1) 1.1 (0.92, 1.3)
Model LRχ2 (df, N) 19.75*(7,136) 21.96*(8,136) 28.61*(8,136) 36.12*(8,136)
Adjusted R2 (N) 0.11 (136) 0.12 (136) 0.15 (136) 0.32 (88)

OR and 95% CL unless specified otherwise;

*

P<0.05;

ETT=Easier to Treat;

HTT=Harder to Treat;

CM=Contingency Management without Shaping;

CMS=Contingency Management with Shaping

1

Fagerstrøm Test of Nicotine Dependence

2

Contemplation Ladder

3

Confidence Questionaire

4

Reports planning to use cessation medications in this quit attempt

5

days without smoking in the past year