Table 2.

Effects of wild-type peptides (hBD1 and hBD3) and analog peptides (1C, 3I, 3N, and 3NI) on CaCo-2 cell apoptosis^a

Peptide	% of apoptotic cells
	24-h incubation			48-h incubation			72-h incubation
	2.5 μM	12.5 μM	25.0 μM	2.5 μM	12.5 μM	25.0 μM	2.5 μM	12.5 μM	25.0 μM
Negative control	4.2	4.2	4.2	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.3	6.3	6.3
hBD1	7.1	10.3	9.6	6.1	6.2	7	8.2	7.5	4.1
hBD3	12.6	12.8	20.8	8.7	6	34.1	9.2	7.6	9.8
1C	9	12.3	11.7	7.8	13.6	20.6	5.2	10.9	8
3I	6.1	6.8	7.0	5.8	6.2	7.1	5.3	6.1	7.2
3N	8.2	12.3	12.9	10.8	10.3	10.1	6	5.9	9.1
3NI	6.6	9.2	14.3	7.5	6.2	14.2	7.3	6.3	6.2

^aCells were incubated for 24, 48, or 72 h with all peptides at concentrations of: 2.5, 12.5, and 25.0 μM. Data are expressed as a percentage of apoptotic cells after the subtraction of negative control values (untreated cells). No synthetic peptide significantly increased apoptosis versus the negative control. Experiments were performed in triplicate.