Table 1.
Microbiological findings for acute apical abscesses
| Study type and authors (reference) | No. of abscess cases examined | Method | Mean no. of species per abscess sample | Most prevalent species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Culture (open ended) | ||||
| Heimdahl et al. (40) | 58 | Culture | 3.4 | Fusobacterium nucleatum (45), “Streptococcus milleri” (31), Parvimonas micra (29), Prevotella ruminicola (29), Prevotella melaninogenica (26) |
| Sabiston et al. (44) | 58 | Culture | 3.8 | Streptococcus spp. (71), Fusobacterium nucleatum (24), Parvimonas micra (22), Actinomyces spp. (17) |
| Williams et al. (45) | 10 | Culture | 4 | Fusobacterium nucleatum (60), Bacteroides spp. (60), Parvimonas micra (50) |
| Lewis et al. (41) | 50 | Culture | 3.3 | Peptostreptococcus spp. (64), Peptococcus spp. (64), Streptococcus “milleri” (50), Prevotella oralis (40) |
| Sundqvist et al. (42) | 17 | Culture | 8.5 | Fusobacterium nucleatum (71), Lactobacillus spp. (65), Prevotella intermedia/nigrescens (59), Parvimonas micra (53), Peptostreptococcus anaerobius (53), Eggerthella lenta (47) |
| Brook et al. (46) | 32 | Culture | 2.4 | Alpha-hemolytic streptococci (34), Porphyromonas gingivalis (22), Parvimonas micra (19), Fusobacterium nucleatum (16) |
| Kulekçi et al. (47) | 13 | Culture | 5.4 | Peptostreptococcus spp. (92), alpha-hemolytic streptococci (69), Prevotella intermedia/nigrescens (69), Fusobacterium nucleatum (38) |
| Sakamoto et al. (48) | 23 | Culture | 4.9 | Peptostreptococcus spp. (52), Fusobacterium spp. (43), Prevotella oris (39), Streptococcus constellatus (35), Streptococcus intermedius (35) |
| de Sousa et al. (49) | 30 | Culture | 3.9 | Anaerococcus prevotii (43), Parvimonas micra (30), Gemella morbillorum (30), Fusobacterium necrophorum (23), Streptococcus constellatus (20) |
| Khemaleelakul et al. (43) | 17 | Culture | 7.5 | Prevotella intermedia (35), Prevotella baroniae (35), Streptococcus constellatus (29), Prevotella buccae (29), Prevotella melaninogenica (29) |
| Molecular | ||||
| Closed ended, several target species | ||||
| Siqueira et al. (74) | 27 | Conventional checkerboard (49 target species) | Not applicable | Tannerella forsythia (30), Porphyromonas gingivalis (30), Streptococcus constellatus (26), Prevotella intermedia (22), Prevotella nigrescens (22) |
| Siqueira and Rôças (90) | 42 | Reverse-capture checkerboard (81 target species) | Not applicable | Fusobacterium nucleatum (64), Parvimonas micra (52), Porphyromonas endodontalis (48), Olsenella uli (45), Streptococcus spp. (38), Eikenella corrodens (38), Bacteroidetes clone X083 (36), Prevotella baroniae (36), Treponema denticola (36) |
| Siqueira and Rôças (230) | 22 | Nested PCR (40 target species) | Not applicable | Treponema denticola (77), Porphyromonas endodontalis (68), Dialister pneumosintes (64), Tannerella forsythia (64), Porphyromonas gingivalis (59), Dialister invisus (53), Filifactor alocis (42), Fusobacterium nucleatum (41), Streptococcus spp. (41) |
| Open ended | ||||
| Sakamoto et al. (83) | 7 | T-RFLP; PCR, cloning, and sequencing | 13.3 | Fusobacterium nucleatum (86), Parvimonas micra (57), Lachnospiracea clone 55A-34 (57), Prevotella intermedia (43), Prevotella baroniae (43), Dialister pneumosintes (43), Eubacterium clone BP1-89 (43), Lachnospiracea clone MCE7_60 (43) |
| Flynn et al. (86) | 9 | PCR, cloning, and sequencing | 7.4 | Parvimonas micra (78), Dialister pneumosintes (78), Prevotella oris (67), Eubacterium brachy (56), Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum (44) |
| Open ended, next-generation sequencing | ||||
| Santos et al. (91) | 9 | Pyrosequencing | 114 | Fusobacterium spp. (89), Parvimonas spp. (78), Dialister spp. (78), Atopobium spp. (78), Eubacterium spp. (67), Porphyromonas spp. (67), Prevotella spp. (67) |
| Hsiao et al. (92) | 8 | Pyrosequencing | 77 (genera) | Fusobacterium spp. (100), Streptococcus spp. (100), Phocaeicola spp. (100), Prevotella spp. (100), Porphyromonas spp. (100) |