Table 2.
Liposomes developed for gastrointestinal cancers
| Liposome type | Payload | Experimental model | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anionic | Doxorubicin | HT29 and HT29-dx cells | 48 |
| Anti-VEGFR2-PEG | Doxorubicin | HT29-bearing mice | 114 |
| Cationic | Temoporfin | COLO206 cells and HT29-bearing mice | 85,86 |
| Cationic | Adenovirus-hEndostatin | CT26-bearing mice | 116 |
| Cationic | mEndostatin | HCT116 cells and CT26-bearing mice | 117 |
| Cationic | FL or FL/TRAIL gene | Lovo cells | 118,119 |
| Cationic | Cytosine deaminase gene | HR-8348 human rectal cancer cells and bearing mice | 121 |
| DOPC-neurotensin | Doxorubicin | HT29 and TE671 cells | 109 |
| Dual | Vinorelbine/indium-111 oxine | HT29/luc mice | 93 |
| Hybrid | None | WiDr cells | 55 |
| Hybrid | None | HCT116 cells | 56,57 |
| Hybrid | None | Liver metastasis of human colon carcinoma mouse models | 58–60 |
| LDL-masked | Doxorubicin | HT29 and HT29-dx cells | 64 |
| Liposome | Betulinic acid | Nude mice xenografted with human colon and lung cancer tumors | 42 |
| Liposome | Curcumin | SW-620 colon cancer cells, A-459 lung cancer cells | 46 |
| Liposome | Quercetin | CT26 colon cancer cells and CT26 mouse model | 47 |
| Liposome | Paclitaxel | C26 cells and PC14PE6/AS2 bearing mice | 49 |
| Liposome | Fluoroortic acid/irinotecan | C26 cells and C26 mouse model | 51 |
| Liposome | Aroplatin | Advanced colorectal cancer patients | 52 |
| Liposome | Pyropheophorbide-a methyl ester | HCT116 cells | 87 |
| Liposome | 5,15-diaryl-tetrapyrrole derivative | HCT116 cells | 88 |
| Liposome | Par-4 gene | HT29-bearing mice | 122 |
| Magnetic | Docetaxel | MKN45-bearing Balb/c/nu/nu mice | 79 |
| PEGylated | Mitomycin C | N87 gastric carcinoma (Ca), HCT15 colon Ca, and Panc-1 pancreatic Ca models implanted s.c. in CD1 nude mice | 43 |
| PEGylated | Honokiol/cisplatin | C26 mouse model | 50 |
| PEGylated | Doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin or mitomycin-C, 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin | Advanced gastric cancer patients | 53 |
| PEGylated | Paclitaxel | C26 bearing mice | 62 |
| PEGylated | CKD-602 | HT29, A375, ES-2, and H82 tumor xenografted mice | 63 |
| PEGylated | Oxaliplatin | SW480 | 65,66 |
| PEGylated | Oxaliplatin | CRC-xenografted mice | 67,68 |
| PEGylated | Indium-111 oxine | HT29/luc mice | 92 |
| PEGylated | Indium-111 vinorelbine | CT-26/luc mice | 94,95 |
| PEGylated | (111)In-vinorelbine/(188)Re-doxorubicin | C26-bearing mice | 100 |
| PEGylated | shRNA anti-kitenin | Colon cancer-bearing mice | 120 |
| pH-sensitive | Fe-porphyrin | Gastric cancer cells | 75 |
| pH-sensitive | 5-fluorouracil | HT-29 cells | 76 |
| pH-sensitive-folate | Calcein/cytosine-beta-D-arabinofuranoside | KB human oral cancer cells | 77 |
| pH-sensitive-PR_b | Calcein | CT26.WT cells | 78 |
| Rhenium-118 labeled | 5-fluorouracil | C26/LS-174T colon cancer-bearing mice | 96,97 |
| Rhenium-118 labeled | Doxorubicin | C26-bearing mice | 98,99 |
| Sterically stabilized | Cisplatin | C26-bearing mice | 80 |
| Sulfatide-containing | Doxorubicin | HT-29 xenografted mice | 44 |
| TF-PEGylated | None | C26-bearing mice | 103 |
| TF-PEGylated | Cisplatin | MKN45P-bearing mice | 104 |
| TF-PEGylated | Mercaptoundecahydrododecaborate | C26-bearing mice | 105 |
| Thermsensitive | Doxorubicin | C26 tomor-bearing mice | 69,70,72 |
| Thermsensitive | Lucifer yellow iodoacetamide | CT26 colon cancer cells and CT26 mouse model | 71 |
| Trastuzumab labeled | Docetaxel | NCI-N87 gastic cancer-bearing mice | 113 |
Abbreviations: CRC, colorectal cancer; DOPC, Dioleoylphosphatidylcholine; FL, fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand; LDL, low density lipoprotein; PEG, polyethylene glycol; PR_b, a fibronectin-mimetic peptide; TF, transferrin; TRAIL, tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 10; VEGFR2, Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2.