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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurochem. 2012 Nov;123(0 2):125–137. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07951.x

Figure 1. LPS confers ischemic tolerance in neuron cultures in a dose- and time-dependent fashion.

Figure 1

The dose-response effects (0.1-3ug/mL LPS applied prior to 1 h of OGD, A-C) and time window efficacy (1 μg/mL LPS applied 6 to 72 h prior to the induction of OGD, D-F) for LPS preconditioning afforded neuroprotection in neuron enriched cultures were established using cell viability assay (alamar blue uptake, A, D), plasma membrane permeability as a measure of cell death (LDH release, B, E), and assessment of nuclear morphology associated with apoptosis (condensed nuclei visualized by Hoescht staining, C, F). All data are mean±SE, from 3 independent experiments using cultures prepared from different dams, and each experiment was done in quadruplicate wells. *p<0.05; #p<0.01 versus vehicle controls of OGD neurons.