Table 1.
Genetic polymorphisms in genes associated with androgen biosynthesis/metabolism and AR which show differential racial frequencies and potential association with prostate cancer
| Gene | Variant | Racial frequency difference | Association with prostate cancer risk | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Asian | White | Black | |||
| CYP11A1 | (TAAAA)n repeat | More 6-repeats in Japanese, 4-repeats in European and African | IC | IC | IC |
| CYP17 | T>C (rs743572) | Highest in Asians, intermediate in Caucasians, lowest in Blacks | No | No | Yes |
| SRD5A2 | A49T | Sparse in whites and blacks, not detected in Asians | IC | IC | IC |
| V89L | Higher in Asians than Caucasians and Blacks | IC | IC | IC | |
| (TA)n repeat | Longer repeat higher in whites than Asians | Yes | Yes | NA | |
| HSD3B1 | N367T (rs1047303) | Higher frequency in Caucasians, middle in African Americans and lower in Asians | IC | IC | IC |
| HSD3B2 | (TG)n(TA)n (CA)n repeat | Most common alleles occurred at different frequencies | NA | Yes | No |
| HSD3B2 | rs1819698 and rs1538989 | Higher in African-Americans than Caucasians | NA | No | Yes |
| CYP19A1 | rs2470164 | Higher in Caucasians than African Americans | NA | Yes | No |
| Arg264Cys (rs700519) | Higher frequency in Indians than African Americans and Caucasians | Yes | IC | No | |
| (TTTA) n | Short repeat (A1) at high frequency in Asians | IC | IC | IC | |
| CYP3A4 | A>G (rs2740574) | Higher in African descents than Caucasians and Asians | IC | IC | IC |
| CYP3A5 | CYP3A5*3C (rs10249369) | More in Caucasians than Africans | NA | Yes | No |
| CYP3A43 | CYP3A43*3 (rs680055) | More in African Americans than Caucasians | NA | No | Yes |
| HSD17B1 | Haplotype CAGC | More in whites and blacks than Asians | Yes | No | No |
| AKR1C3 | A>G (rs3763676) | More in Caucasians than Asians | NA | Yes | NA |
| SHBG | D356N | More in whites than blacks | NA | IC | IC |
| AR | CAG repeat | Longest in Asians, intermediate in whites, shortest in blacks | IC | IC | IC |
| GGN repeat | Longest in Asians, medium in whites, shortest in blacks | IC | IC | IC | |
| UGT2B15 | D85Y | More 85D allele in Asians than Caucasians | IC | IC | IC |
NA: no report in the population; IC: Inconclusive.