ORF61 HPD contributes to VZV replication in vitro and viral protein expression. (A) Replication of pOka and ORF61ΔHPD mutant viruses in melanoma cells over 6 days. Each point represents the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) of virus titers from three replicates. (B) Plaques formed by pOka and pOka-ORF61ΔHPD infection in melanoma cells for 5 days were visualized by immunostaining with anti-VZV serum. (C) VZV protein expression in melanoma cells infected with pOka and pOka-ORF61ΔHPD for 24, 48, and 72 h. Western blots of ORF61, IE63, gE, and tubulin are shown.