Figure 2.

Tracings illustrating a collapsibility test in an anesthetized pig before (A) and after nasal administration of AVE0118, 10 mg per nostril (B). Upper airway (UA) collapse (A) is indicated by an interruption of flow (lowest tracing) and a sublaryngeal pressure close to the negative device pressure (upper tracing) during both the inspiratory and expiratory phase. Second and third tracing, genioglossus (GG) raw electromyogram (EMG) and integrated EMG, respectively. After AVE0118 the UA is open (B) during the inspiratory phase as indicated by flow to the negative pressure device and sublaryngeal pressure approaching atmospheric pressure. Time of application of negative pressure is labeled by a black line. Airflow during this period is directed to the negative pressure device. EMG activity is given in arbitrary units, tracheal pressure in mbar, and airflow in mL/sec.