Table 2.

Annual exacerbation numbers and total costs during the follow-up year^*

	Overall sample (n = 17,382)	Patients with at least two exacerbations during the baseline year (n = 1392)
Number of exacerbations
Moderate exacerbations
Patients with at least one exacerbation (%)	4287 (24.7%)	614 (44.1%)
Exacerbations among patients with at least one exacerbation, mean ± SD	1.4 ± 0.8	1.7 ± 1.0
Exacerbations among all patients, mean ± SD	0.3 ± 0.7	0.8 ± 1.1
Severe exacerbations
Patients with at least one exacerbation (%)	4290 (24.7%)	612 (44.0%)
Exacerbations among patients with at least one exacerbation, mean ± SD	1.4 ± 0.9	1.80 ± 1.31
Exacerbations among all patients, mean ± SD	0.4 ± 0.8	0.8 ± 1.3
Any exacerbation (at least one exacerbation)
Patients with at least one exacerbation	7402 (42.6%)	967 (69.5%)
Exacerbations among patients with at least one exacerbation, mean ± SD	1.6 ± 1.0	2.2 ± 1.5
Exacerbations among all patients, mean ± SD	0.7 ± 1.1	1.6 ± 1.6
Any exacerbation (at least two exacerbations)
Patients with at least two exacerbations (%)	2849 (16.4%)	572 (41.1%)
Exacerbations among patients with at least two exacerbations, mean ± SD	2.6 ± 1.1	3.1 ± 1.4
Exacerbation costs
Moderate exacerbations
Patients with at least one exacerbation, mean ± SD	$405 ± $1169	$518 ± $1525
All patients, mean ± SD	$124 ± $640	$277 ± $1096
Severe exacerbations
Patients with at least one exacerbation, mean ± SD	$25,364 ± $43,493	$29,948 ± $44,601
All patients, mean ± SD	$6260 ± $24,215	$13,096 ± $33,054
Any exacerbation
Patients with at least one exacerbation, mean ± SD	$14,991 ± $35,437	$19,251 ± $38,525
All patients, mean ± SD	$6384 ± $24,283	$13,373 ± $33,307

Notes:

^*Costs in mid-2011 US dollars, adjusted for inflation using the medical care component of the Consumer Price Index in the 12-month follow-up period.

Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.