Total RNA was extracted from whole insect body as well as from midgut of cowpea bruchids exposed to hypoxia/hypercapnia for 24 hr. qRT-PCR was performed as described in Materials and Methods. (C) Schematic illustration of the gene expression changes based on qRT-PCR. Green: down-regulated; red: up-regulated; black: no change (below the cutoff of 1.5 for both tissues). CmPGI: phosphoglucose isomerase, CmPFKFB3: 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase, CmALD: fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase, CmGAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, CmPGK: phosphoglycerate kinase, CmTPI: triosephosphate isomerase, CmPGLYM: phosphoglycerate mutase, CmENO: enolase, CmPK1: pyruvate kinase isoform 1, CmPDH: pyruvate dehydrogenase, CmACO: aconitase, mitochondrial, CmIDH: isocitrate dehydrogenase, CmSCSb: succinyl-CoA synthetase beta chain, CmSDH: succinate dehydrogenase, CmFH: fumarate hydratase, mitochondrial precursor, CmMDH: malate dehydrogenase.