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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Commun. 2013;4:1342. doi: 10.1038/ncomms2343

Figure 4. Type I IFNs skew cytokine production from a Th1 towards a Th17 response.

Figure 4

(a) 5 · 105 PBMC in a volume of 200 μL, were stimulated for seven days, in the presence of 10% human pooled serum, with live Candida albicans (1 · 106/mL), in duplo. IFN-α and IFN-β were measured in cell culture supernatants using ELISA. (b) 5 · 105 PBMC in a volume of 200 μL, were stimulated for one and two days, with heat-killed Candida albicans (1 · 106/mL), in the absence of presence of anti-IFN-α/βR2, in duplo. IFN-γ, IL-1β and TNF-α were measured in cell culture supernatants using ELISA. (c) 5 · 105 PBMC in a volume of 200 μL, were stimulated for two and seven days, with heat-killed Candida albicans (1 · 106/mL), in the absence of presence of IFN-α or IFN-β, in duplo. When cells were cultured for seven days, this was done in the presence of 10 % human pooled serum. IFN-γ, IL-17 and IL-22 were measured in cell culture supernatants using ELISA. (a,b,c) After stimulation, supernatants were pooled and stored at −20 C° until further assayed. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Data are presented as mean + SEM.