Table 1. Neurologic complications associated with aging and HIV-1 infection.

Observation	Issues	Ref.
Older HIV+ patients display greater neurocognitive impairment	Utilized large cohorts of HIV+ and HIV− patients, but uninfected control group was younger than HIV+ group	[116]
Age effects seen in older HIV+ patients as compared with younger HIV+ patients	Lacked young and old HIV− control groups	[127]
Differential decline in cognitive impairment with increasing age in HIV+ patients	Sample of older HIV− patients was small	[128]
No significant interaction between age and neurocognitive impairment	None. Well-controlled study using a well-established cohort	[129]
Decreased concentrations of N-acetylaspartate in frontal white matter suggest mitochondrial toxicity	Only looked at four antiretroviral compounds	[130]
Cardiovascular diseases, including dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes, associated with neurocognitive impairment in HIV+ patients, and greater neurocognitive score		[114,115,132]
Diffusion-weighted MRI found an association between abnormal glucose metabolism and lower fatty acid in caudate nucleus and hippocampus	Effects were mitigated with age and education adjustment	[134]