Fig. 4.

Schema showing candidate receptors and pathways involved in pericyte differentiation into myofibroblasts. Endothelial cell is shown in red and pericyte is shown in green. Factors in orange promote myofibroblast differentiation and activation, whereas factors in shades of blue inhibit differentiation and activation. PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; FA, fatty acid; ROS, reactive oxygen species; miRNA, microRNA; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; JNK, c-Jun NH₂-terminal kinase; ADAMTS1, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif; TIMP3, metalloproteinase inhibitor 3; VEGFA, vascular endothelial growth factor A; VEGFR2, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; EphB, ephrin receptor B; Gli, glioma-associated oncogene homolog; LRP, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein; WNT, wingless/int1; CTGF, connective tissue growth factor; TGF-βR, transforming growth factor-β receptor; PDGFR, platelet-derived growth factor receptors.