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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Biol Regul. 2012 Oct 13;53(1):64–76. doi: 10.1016/j.jbior.2012.10.004

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

Signaling regulation of Star-PAP mediated 3′-end processing. Star-PAP-mediated mRNA 3′-end cleavage and polyadenylation precede transcription termination. Star-PAP activities were stimulated by various signaling molecules in response to different upstream signals as exemplified by the oxidative and DNA damage signaling cascades, where the protein kinases CKIα/ε and PKCδ phosphorylate and activate Star-PAP in the presence of locally generated PI4,5P2.